Minggu, 19 April 2015

Electronic learning (e- learning)

E-learning is any type of learning that takes place through or with a computer. E-learning is primarily facilitated through the Internet but can also be accomplished with CD-ROMs and DVDs, streaming audio or video and other media (according to By Ashley Brooks in eHow). In his opinion, the purpose of e-learning is to allow people to learn something for personal accomplishment or to achieve degree of studying without physically attending the class. Because the only requirements for e-learning (in most cases) requires a computer with Internet access or a CD/DVD-ROM drive, e-learning students can learn from home, libraries, Internet cafes or any other location that has Internet access. We do not have to attend the traditional lecturer in a class, we do not have to go somewhere with its distance to reach any class, therefore we just have to sit in front of computer turning on the computer and do the learning process.
In the previous era, e-learning type happened without any face to face contact. The material for the learning process was usually send by e-mail, website, online, or any other media such as CDs or DVD-ROMs.
In the fast-paced world of e-learning the available technologies to make a course new and exciting are always changing, and course content can and should be updated quickly to give students the very latest information. This is especially important if the e-learning training is being given to employees in a sector where keeping up-to-date on industry developments is of the utmost importance. This is one of the reasons why many businesses are now offering training via e-learning - other reasons includes low costs and the ability for employees to study in their own time and place.
Overall, traditional learning is expensive, takes a long time and the results can vary. E-learning offers an alternative that is faster, cheaper and potentially better.
Some people may think whether training and learning is the same, but actually they are different. There are some differentiation between training and learning. http://www.talentlms.com/elearning/learning_vs_training)
According to (

v  Training is the giving of information and knowledge, through speech, the written word or other methods of demonstration in a manner that instructs the trainee whereas Learning is the process of absorbing that information in order to increase skills and abilities and make use of it under a variety of contexts.
v  Whatever the goals, the quality of the learning will rely largely on the quality of the training, and so the role of trainer is very important as it can have a huge effect on the outcome of a course for the learner.
E-learning is not only used in educational field but also corporation. Because it allows both students and business executive to be able to learn anywhere and everywhere.
In corporate environment the role of corporate training is to ensure an employee has the knowledge and skills to undertake a specific operation to enable an organization to continue to operate. Fundamentally, corporate training is centered on knowledge transfer. For example, conferences and workshops are an essential yet expensive part of business and e-learning makes it affordable and efficient - sales people, for instance, can receive their training on new products and sales strategies online. E-learning can be translated to lower costs to deliver training in a shorter period of time, especially when employees are spread worldwide. (http://www.talentlms.com/elearning/educations_vs_corporate_learning)

Senin, 13 April 2015

Computer Assisted Language Learning

CALL is an approach of teaching learning language that use computers in the process of it. Computers in here are usually used as a media to give the material, giving assessment, delivering presentation, and any other things that aim the teaching learning process.
According to (Levy: 1997:1)  More specifically, CALL is the use of computer technologies that promote educational learning, including word processing, presentation packages, guided drill and practice, tutor, simulation, problem solving, games, multimedia CD-ROM, and internet applications such as e-mail, chat and the World Wide Web (WWW) for language learning purposes.
In the other word, by Using CALL teacher will be made easier because of all the easy of teaching process. As a teacher you can make an interactive class through a presentation, make an interesting class by giving the material through a game, and many more. As we look from the side of students, they can also get much advantages from CALL. They can be easier on understanding the material through all those media in CALL, they can enjoy the learning process because a fun environment can be made in it.
According to Chi-Fen Emily Chen, there are 4 CALL programs/materials include (from ICT4LT Module 1.4): 
CALL-specific software: applications designed to develop and facilitate language learning, such as CD-ROMs, web-based interactive language learning exercises/quizzes (see CD-ROM examples for language learning)
Generic software: applications designed for general purposes, such as word-processors (Word),  presentation software (PowerPoint, see an e-book made by students "Many Moons"), and spreadsheet (Excel), that can be used to support language learning (see examples of usingExcel for language learning & teaching)  *Also see Microsoft Office Online Templates)
Web-based learning programs: online dictionaries, online encyclopedias, online concordancers, news/magazine sites, e-texts, web-quests, web publishing, blog, wiki, etc.
Computer-mediated communication (CMC) programs: synchronous - online chat; asynchronous - email, discussion forum, message board

There are some reason why teacher prefer to use CALL in the language teaching process:
1.      Computers can do some of the work of the teacher and provide great assistance to the learner even without the presence of the teacher (Pennington and Steven, 1992).
2.      New technologies have seen computers become smaller, faster, and easier for the teacher to use (Evy, 1997). At present, well-designed CALL software is readily available to the teacher.
3.      Technologies allow computers to do multimedia applications, incorporating video, sound, and text, and this capacity allows the learner to interact with both the program and other learners. (Felix, 1998).
4.      The computer offers great flexibility for class scheduling and pacing of individual learning, choosing activities and content to suit individual learning styles. (Oxford and others, 1998)
5.      The computer can provide a meaning-focused, communicative learning environment, which serves the purposes of communicative language teaching.


As we live in modern era, all what we do is always accompanied by sophisticated technologies that will make us easier on doing our activities. We have to be familiar with them and be able to make the most of it, because if we don’t, we will pass some easy of doing things. However, we do not have to leave another traditional way on teaching language, because sometimes it will be more appropriate and simpler than using CALL. In the other words, teacher should be able to choose the best way on the teaching process based on the situation and condition.